17675
Comment: znpd1, lpr -P...
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18515
sl4: bad request
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Deletions are marked like this. | Additions are marked like this. |
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||[http://ZNCUPS.ifh.de:631/printers/pitzcontrol pitzcontrol]|| Pitz``Control Logbook || no || no || no || no || no || pitz logbook || pitzcontrol || lprng || pitzcontrol || ||[http://ZNCUPS.ifh.de:631/printers/pitzlog pitzlog]|| Pitz``Log Logbook || no || no || no || no || no || pitz logbook || pitzlog || lprng || pitzlog || |
||[http://ZNCUPS.ifh.de:631/printers/pitzcontrol pitzcontrol]|| Pitz``Control Logbook || no || no || no || no || no || pitz logbook || pitzcontrol || cups || pitzcontrol || ||[http://ZNCUPS.ifh.de:631/printers/pitzlog pitzlog]|| Pitz``Log Logbook || no || no || no || no || no || pitz logbook || pitzlog || cups || pitzlog || |
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* Further options will be ignored. | |
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==== I'm missing the bannerpage when I print from OpenOffice, what can I do? ==== * This is a bug in `OpenOffice`. * Please print into a file and print the file afterwards. Sorry for that inconvenience. [[Anchor(SL4-Cups-Info)]] ==== On SL4 I get the message "unable to print file: client-error-bad-request" ? ==== * the cups version (> 1.3.4) on the cups server doesn't longer support non-utf8 character sets. * the default value of the LANG variable on DESY Zeuthen systems is ''C'', which does not work together with the older cups version on SL4 * on ''SL4'' you have to set LANG to an utf-8 charset, i.e. en_US.UTF-8 or en_GB.UTF-8 before running print commands (lp,lpstat,cancel,lpr,lpq,lprm) * a similar problem was on ''SL3'' systems, but there we could install a workaround |
Printing with Cups Server ZNCUPS
at DESY Zeuthen, the printing system LPRng has been replaced by the Common Unix Printing System ([http://www.cups.org CUPS]). The reasons are
CUPS is better integrated in Linux Desktops like KDE and Gnome, as well as into more and more applications, like OpenOffice, Adobe Reader, etc.
- With CUPS and Samba the Windows users are able to control (cancel,...) their print jobs.
- LPRng is no longer being developed, nor supported.
- printing administration is much easier.
With this change of the printing system, NEW - shorter - printer names have been introduced. Alias names are not supported in CUPS.
Network Printers
Printer
Model
Duplex
Color
Banner
Transparency
A3
Location
old Name
Printing System
Further Instances
HP Laserjet 4050N
no
no
no
no
no
1L05
ps_br
cups
HP Laserjet 4100DTN
no
no
no
no
no
Conference Printer
ps_con
cups
Xerox Phaser 6250
yes
yes
no
yes
no
Conference Printer
xerocol1
cups
HP Laserjet 4100DTN
yes
no
no
no
no
1LK03
ps_pitz,znpitz
cups
HP Laserjet 8150
yes
no
yes
no
yes
1L13
ps_ecad
cups
znecad/A3
HP Laserjet 4050N
no
no
no
no
no
1P04
ps_ts1
cups
HP Laserjet 4050N
yes
no
no
no
no
1P07
ps_ts2
cups
HP Laserjet 8150
yes
no
yes
no
no
3L21
ps_ld1
cups
znld1/simplex
HP Laserjet 4100DTN
yes
no
yes
no
no
3L51/1
ps_ld2
cups
znld2/simplex
HP Laserjet 8150
yes
no
yes
no
yes
1L47
ps_le1
cups
znle1/simplex
HP Laserjet 8150
yes
no
yes
no
yes
2L01
ps_lo1
cups
znlo1/simplex
Xerox Phaser 6350
yes
yes
yes
yes
no
2L01
ps_col,xerocol
cups
znlo1c/transp, znlo1c/simplex
HP Laserjet 8150
yes
no
yes
no
no
2L01
ps_lo2
cups
znlo2/simplex
HP Laserjet 5Si
yes
no
no
no
yes
1HU01
ps_mcad
cups
HP Laserjet 4250
yes
no
no
no
yes
...
cups
HP Laserjet 8150
yes
no
no
no
no
Computer Centre
ps_rz1
cups
znrz1/simplex
Xerox Phaser 6350
yes
yes
no
yes
no
Computer Centre
xerocol2
cups
znrzc/transp
[http://ZNCUPS.ifh.de:631/printers/pitzcontrol pitzcontrol]
PitzControl Logbook
no
no
no
no
no
pitz logbook
pitzcontrol
cups
pitzcontrol
PitzLog Logbook
no
no
no
no
no
pitz logbook
pitzlog
cups
pitzlog
Windows Printing
- printing works both for domain members and guest hosts
- click "run" in the Startmenu
- type "\\zncups" and press Enter. Your PC or notebook will now connect to the print server.
- choose a printer. double click to add a printer to your host. The printer drivers will be downloaded.
- go to "Printers and Faxes" in the Startmenu if you want to change the Printers configuration.
- from now on you can use the chosen printer
- canceling a print job
- Click on "Printers and Faxes" in the Start menu
- Double click on the printer holding the print job
- Click with the Right Mouse Button on the print job you want delete
- Click on "Cancel"
- Click on "Yes"
- There are special queues for printing on transparencies or A3-paper without changing the printing preferences.
UNIX Printing
- default printer: set LPDEST to your favorite printer
- default: znlo1 (location: 2L01)
- zsh:
edit $HOME/.zprofile and add or modify the line
export LPDEST=your_printer
- make a new login or run in every window
. .zprofile
please check your .zshenv too and remove LPDEST entries
- tcsh:
edit $HOME/.login and add or modify the line
setenv LPDEST your_printer
- make a new login or run in every window
source .login
please check your .cshrc too and remove LPDEST entries
- Printing with the CLI (command line interface)
using lpr: lpr -Pprinter myfile
using lp: lp -dprinter myfile
- Examining the print queue with the CLI
display a specific queue: lpstat -pprinter
- display all available queues: lpstat -p
- list all active jobs: lpstat -o
- Cancelling of print jobs with the CLI
- The CUPS job on the local system gets a job-id which is not suitable for removing a job on the print server. The job-id on the print server is different, it can be displayed using lpstat. After finding out the job-id on the print server you can remove it. Use cancel and no longer lprm for removing your print jobs. Examples:
cancel your last job on printer with: cancel printer
- cancel specific jobs: first get the job-ids using lpstat, afterwards use cancel:
[myhost] % lpstat -o znrz1-31 ottostr 1688576 Thu Jan 4 12:20:51 2007 znrz1-32 frida 31596544 Thu Jan 4 12:20:55 2007 znrz1-33 wwinzig 1654900 Thu Jan 4 12:30:57 2007 znrzc-34 ottostr 61533324 Thu Jan 4 12:32:13 2007 [myhost] % cancel znrz1-31 znrzc-34
Overview of Cups Printing Options on UNIX
Printing Options are passed to Cups using the -o Option of lp and lpr:
lpr -o option1=value1 -o option2=value2 [...] file
lp -o option1=value1 -o option2=value2 [...] file
Option |
Meaning |
Example |
Comment |
sides=one-sided |
disables duplex printing |
lpr -o sides=one-sided testpage.ps |
use printer/simplex if supported |
sides=two-sided-short-edge |
enables duplex printing for landcape pages |
lpr -o sides=two-sided-short-edge myfile.gif |
|
sides=two-sided-long-edge |
enables duplex printing for portrait pages |
lpr -o sides=two-sided-long-edge info.txt |
default |
page-ranges=RANGE |
not the complete document is printed, but only the specified pages |
lpr -o page-range=1,3-5,7 docu.ps |
|
number-up=number |
places multiple document pages on a single printed page |
lpr -o number-up=4 project.pdf |
supported are: 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, and 16 |
Resolution=xxx |
changes printers resolution |
lpr -o Resolution=600dpi testpage.ps |
lpoptions can be used to find out supported Resoltions fo a queue: lpoptions -p queuename -l |grep Resolution |
media=Transparency |
prints on transparent Media |
lpr -o media=Transarency talk.ps |
use printer/transp if supported |
PageSize=A3 |
prints on DIN A3 paper |
lpr -o PageSize=A3 picture.gif |
use printer/A3 if supported |
scaling=number |
The scaling value is a number from 1 to 800 specifying the size in relation to the page (not the image.) |
lpr -o scaling=100 pict.gif |
can be used for image formats (GIF,JPEG,TIFF,...) |
landscape |
rotate the page 90 degrees to print in landscape orientation |
lpr -o landscape picture.jpg |
|
orientation-requested=N |
rotates the page depending on the value of N |
lpr -o orientation-requested=4 file.ps |
possible values: 3: no rotation, 4: 90 degrees, 5: 270 degrees, 6: 180 degrees |
job-sheets=none |
do not print bannerpages |
lpr -o job-sheets=none file.ps |
|
cpi=NUMBER |
scale font to NUMBER characters per inch |
lpr -o cpi=9 textfile |
only for ASCII-text |
lpi=NUMBER |
scale font to NUMBER lines per inch |
lpr -o lpi=9 textfile |
only for ASCII-text, this overwrites the cpi-option |
For more options and additional information see the [http://zncups.ifh.de:631/help/options.html "Cups Commandline and Options Manual"]
Frequently Asked Questions
Which file formats can Cups process ?
PostScript, PDF, International Text, TIFF, GIF, PNG, JPEG, SUN−Raster and other graphic formats
- CUPS uses the rules in the configuration file /etc/cups/mime.types to determine the MIME type of files to be printed. From the MIME type CUPS is deriving the printing format.
Which applications do offer a tight cups integration on a UNIX system ?
- Acrobat Reader
OpenOffice
- Gimp
- Firefox/Thunderbird
- ...
How can I select the simplex mode on a duplex printer under UNIX ?
use option sides=one-sided
using lpr: lpr -Pprinter -o sides=one-sided myfile
using lp: lp -d printer -o sides=one-sided myfile
if a simplex instance exists: lp -d printer/simplex myfile
How can I change personal printer specific option settings?
- Use lpoptions to save personal option settings in ~/.lpoptions. Example: lpoptions -o pagesize=A3 -p znecad
How can I print multiple copies of a document using the CLI?
lp -n number-of-copies file
Copies are not collated by default. Use the -o Collate=True option to get collated copies:
lp -n number-of-copies -o Collate=True file
How can I change the layout of the output pages when using N-Up printing?
In order to change the borders around each page, use the -o page-border=value option. Supported borders are:
none: do not draw a border (default)
double: draw two hairline borders around each page
double-thick: draw two 1pt borders around each page
single: draw one hairline border around each page
single-thick: draw one 1pt border around each page
Example: lp -o number-up=4 -o page-border=double myfile
In order to change the arrangement of the pages on each output page, use the -o number-up-layout=value option. Possible values are:
lrtb: Left to right, top to bottom (default)
lrbt: Left to right, bottom to top
rlbt: Right to left, bottom to top
rltb: Right to left, top to bottom
tblr: Top to bottom, left to right
tbrl: Top to bottom, right to left
btlr: Bottom to top, left to right
btrl: Bottom to top, right to left
Explanation: The default layout is lrtb(Left to right, top to bottom). This means: using a number-up of 4, the first page will be printed on the top-left of the outputpage, the second page will be printed on the top-right, the third page will be printed on the bottem-left and the fourth page on the bottom-right of the outputpage.
Example: lp -o number-up=4 -o number-up-layout=btrl myfile
I do get printouts sometimes in letter format, why A4 is not the default?
Some applications such as acroread do have built in defaults, which cannot be changed permanently by a user. We try to find such programs and adjust the default paper format to be A4
Other applications such as a2ps do not have a default at all but decide the paper format based on the language settings. For a2ps LANG=en_US will select letter format, while LANG=C, LANG=en_GB or LANG=de_DE will force A4 format.
How can I print utf-8 encoded text?
To print iso8859-1 characters encoded in utf-8, just print the file as usual. Cups will select the correct filter automatically. If you want to print non-iso8859-1 characters (e.g. Cyrillic or Chinese characters):
use an utf-8 ready terminal like KDEs konsole or Gnomes gnome-terminal. Xterm does support utf-8 only in conjunction with an ISO10646-1 font, which is not the default!
set the $LANG - variable: Example: LANG=de_DE.utf-8
- see "man locale" for more information and do have a look at the question above
print the file using the "-o document-format=text/utf8" option. Example: lpr -Pznlo1 -o document-format=text/utf8 utf8.txt
I'm using psutils (pstops,psnup,psbook). Even though I'm using the option ''sides=two-sided-short-edge'' the output was not arranged in the correct order. What can I do?
- The psutils suite of programs is not compatible with the CUPS postscript processing (filter). It is unmaintained since a long time, therefore improvement of the situation is unlikely.
- With the following command you can bypass the postscript filter
lp -o document-format=application/bindshort -dprinter myfile
I'm using psutils (pstops,psnup,psbook). On the Xerox Color Printer I get wrong output with a different font. What can I do?
- the psutils tools caused this problem (see above).
- With the following command you can bypass the postscript filter
lp -o document-format=application/bindlong -dprinter myfile
or lp -o document-format=application/bindshort -dprinter myfile
Can I change the fontsize when printing ASCII-text?
YES! The size of ASCII-text can be changed by using the cpi (characters per inch) or lpi (lines per inch) options. Unlike Cups-default, the cpi -option will be ignored if both options are present. Default is a value of 80 characters per virtual line in portrait, and 113 characters per virtual line in landscape mode. This means a value of round about 9.7 characters per inch.
I can't print the postscript file. What can I do?
Please check if it is an eps file. In this case you have to convert into a ps file with ps2ps or convert.
- Check the header of the postscript file. Maybe it is for a special printer hardware.
I'm using ps2pdf, but the generated pdf file was incomplete. What can I do?
The tools are buggy, try to use epstopdf.
I'm at DESY Hamburg and working on Zeuthen's systems. Is it possible to print on Hamburg printers?
Yes, now it is possible. Please use the special printserver zncupshh.ifh.de.
With lpstat -h zncupshh.ifh.de -a you can see all HH printers.
- Printing with
lp -h zncupshh.ifh.de -d<printer> ... or lpr -H zncupshh.ifh.de -P<printer> ...
- Further options will be ignored.
I'm missing the bannerpage when I print from OpenOffice, what can I do?
This is a bug in OpenOffice.
- Please print into a file and print the file afterwards. Sorry for that inconvenience.
On SL4 I get the message "unable to print file: client-error-bad-request" ?
the cups version (> 1.3.4) on the cups server doesn't longer support non-utf8 character sets.
the default value of the LANG variable on DESY Zeuthen systems is C, which does not work together with the older cups version on SL4
on SL4 you have to set LANG to an utf-8 charset, i.e. en_US.UTF-8 or en_GB.UTF-8 before running print commands (lp,lpstat,cancel,lpr,lpq,lprm)
a similar problem was on SL3 systems, but there we could install a workaround
Printing from Linux Notebooks
using cups
Use one of the following two methods to let your local cups communicate with our server. Afterwards you can use cups as described above.
use a local cups-daemon
If you want your Cupsd to communicate with the server permanently, just add the line Browsepoll zncups.ifh.de to /etc/cups/cupsd.conf and restart the cups-deamon by typing /etc/init.d/cups restart as root. From now on, the cups-daemon will comunicate with zncups every time cups is started.
If you just want cups to communicate with the server for the current session, you can start the cups-polld manually. Normally it is located in /usr/lib/cups/daemon/. You can start it by typing /usr/lib/cups/daemon/cups-polld zncups.ifh.de 631 30 631 as root. If you do so, there is no need to restart the local cups-server. By default, the printer information are lost 5 minutes after stopping the cups-polld.
- or use the usual "add new printer" dialogue and provide the name of the queue which is the printers name and the IP address of the server
- or run as root
lpadmin -p <my_printer_name> -E -v ipp://zncups.ifh.de/printers/<printer_name>
without local cups-daemon
If you have no local cupsd running, just change the Servername directive in /etc/cups/client.conf to zncups.ifh.de
passing the servername as an argument to the client
Both, lp and lpr, can directly contact a server when you pass the servers name. You do not have to change your local Cups-configuration, but you have to specify the servername again for each printjob. lp: lpr -H zncups.ifh.de -P ... lpr: lp -h zncups.ifh.de -d ...
lpr/lp based printing system
- If you work with a lpr/lp based subsystem a printcap entry in your /etc/printcap file would probably look like this:
<printer_name>:\ :rm=zncups.ifh.de:\ :rp=<printer_name>
Known Problems using Cups
- network trouble or problems on the print server can cause an empty printer setup on the clients
- psutils and the CUPS postscript filter are incompatible
- the Acrobat Reader doesn't show full printer (and instances) names on UNIX. You can decide if it is A3, transparency or normal paper queue.